Flavonoid

Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids), also collectively known as Vitamin P and citrin, are a class of plant secondary metabolites. According to the IUPAC nomenclature, they can be classified into:

• • ''flavonoids'', derived from 2-phenylchromen-4-one (2-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone) structure (examples: quercetin, rutin).
  • ''isoflavonoids'', derived from 3-phenylchromen-4-one (3-phenyl-1,4-benzopyrone) structure
  • ''neoflavonoids'', derived from 4-phenylcoumarine (4-phenyl-1,2-benzopyrone) structure.

The three flavonoid classes above are all ketone-containing compounds, and as such, are flavonoids and flavonols. This class was the first to be termed "bioflavonoids." The terms flavonoid and bioflavonoid have also been more loosely used to describe non-ketone polyhydroxy polyphenol compounds which are more specifically termed flavanoids, flavan-3-ols, or catechins (although catechins are actually a subgroup of flavanoids).

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